Caracterização do sistema de produção da soja (Glycine max L. Merril) no município de Paragominas.

Abstract

The soy, native to Asia, herbaceous plant, is the main export agriculture product from Brazil and the main commodity export by the country. In a world scale, Brazil occupies the second ranking of the soy export, only losing to the USA. It is the main contributor to the Brazilian GDP, therefore the importance of culture in the Brazilian economy. The agriculture production on Brazil has increasing year by year and in 2015 this production achieved 201,3 tons of soy-beans, having the most increase of the production more representative of soy with 4,41% regarding 2014. The production of this culture requires a good practice at the moment of its implantation for to get a good return of this. It’s about a new job with a perspective extension from next neighbor municipalities. The objective of this paper is to present and evaluate the soy production system in the Paragominas municipality. The search for to obtain the data constitute in questionnaires application to the Paragominas producers, in a total of 24 producers interviewed, which were divided into small, medium and large stratum, when asked to them about the type of soil management, the main pest, disease and weeds present in the field, the main defensive used and the cost of production and sales. It shows that 3 consists the small stratum that goes to 300ha, 10 if the medium stratum that is between 300 to 850ha, and 11 consists the large stratum, above 850ha, in a total of 34.969ha of production area, which 27.419ha intended to soy production. The area worked in SPC totalized in 19.316ha and SPD 15.653ha. The main pest and disease related are the most abundant in the culture in national term, the used defenses that are registered on MAPA, the most indicated by the literature, where the sale of production of soy is 100% to the international market.