Caracterização socioeconômica e ambiental de quintais urbanos em Marituba, Estado do Pará

Abstract

Socioeconomic is an adjective that connects characteristics such as aspects, circumstances, and situations that affect the social and economic order of a certain region, including variables of economic, educational, and labor aspects etc. Marituba suffers with serious environmental and socioeconomic problems. In 2013, 98,8% of households not had access to the sewage collection network (100% of the collected material is disposed without any treatment ) and data from the National Sanitation Information System (SNIS) indicates that 87,17% of the population is served with water supply services, which generates a great deficiency in health, since in the 1.2 hospitalizations are registered per diarrhea for every 1000 inhabitants in the municipality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the economic, environmental, and social characteristics of urban backyards in the municipality of Marituba - PA. The study was carried out with participants of the project, Productive Agroecological Backyards, of the Poor Servants of Divine Providence Institute. The data of this study was collected by a questionnaire that was given out to the 32 participants of the productive backyards project, besides the observations made at the analysis site. The questionnaire was used in order to collect data and to observe the structure of the urban residential yards, such as the existing species in the area and the family habits. It was concluded that the presence of urban yards is of fundamental importance to the family economy, since in the project they learned how to produce products that can be marketed (as a complete homemade seasoning), sell their surplus production, and have acquired more technical training, and all these factors provide an increase in family income. When speaking about the environment, there was also a greater awareness and increased concern about the environment, with the disposal of garbage, and encourage the re-use whenever possible of some materials, such as fruit peels, coffee powder, among others. Obtaining their own fertilizer. The positive impact of the project on the community in the community was remarkable, that even a garbage dump that was in the vicinity of the farm was eliminated, garbage is no longer disposed of inappropriately on the site. With regard to the education of the interviewees, there was a greater interest in getting more and more knowledge to put into practice in their home and in the community. Family food became healthier because of the classes and even more healthy food recipes they received at the farm. People started using home-based pesticides to eliminate plant pests and diseases, avoiding some sort of chemical contamination. These factors improve the social situation of the community.