Estudo do crescimento e desenvolvimento da espécie hellianthus annuus em solos com presença de cromo

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutrient balance and the development of sunflower plants when submitted to soils with different chromium oxidation states. For the analysis of the development of Helianthus Annuus the soil sample collection was carried out under natural non-anthropogenic vegetation, where seeds of sunflowers were sown, these were kept in an agricultural greenhouse and were submitted to 5 treatments: control treatment, treatment with potassium chromate at 50ppm, potassium chromate at 150ppm, potassium dichromate at 50ppm and potassium dichromate at 150ppm. The experiment was monitored and irrigated weekly with nutrient solution, and twice during the experimental time submitted to chromium solution (chromate and potassium dichromate treatments at 50 and 150ppm). Biometric data, quantification of chlorophyll content and chemical analysis were performed for the plant following the method adopted by EMBRAPA; as well as the physical-chemical analyzes for the soil also followed the method adopted by EMBRAPA. For the plants the treatments with chromate and dichromate at 50ppm caused beneficial effects, as well as the treatments with chromate and dichromate at 150ppm caused detrimental effects on the development of the crop, it was also verified that these treatments were determinant in the absorption of nutrients by the plant. For the soil, it was verified that the treatments chromate and potassium dichromate at 150ppm exerted influence on the analyzed variables. In general, increased chromium concentration in the soil induced deleterious and positive effects on the development of sunflower plants, as well as changes in the soil.