Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) aplicado à análise de eventos de inundação e manutenção dos canais: um estudo de caso para cidade de Belém-Pa

Abstract

Drainage systems are necessary in urban areas, caused by the interaction between human activity and the natural water cycle. For a long time, developing countries such as Brazil have experienced intensely extreme events of threats, floods and other natural disasters. Reports of economic damage caused by flooding across the country have pointed to billions of reais. The state of Pará, due to its geography, geology and climatology, is among the federative states that suffer the most from these conditions, especially in very dense urban areas, such as Belém. Our focus on the present work aimed to define the relationships between the conditions. Drainage systems and recurrent flood scenarios in three administrative districts of Bethlehem based on the use of GIS and field visits. Our findings indicate that the neighborhoods most vulnerable to flood areas are the neighborhoods of Montese, Guam and Sacramenta and the ones with the most flooded events are Montese, Cremation and Jurunas. Our analysis of the fields of drainage channels, as well as first-order calculations, show that most channels are not available for maintenance or end up interrupting the flow of gloves, thus increasing the disturbance caused by flooding in the City.