Mapeamento socioambiental da comunidade de Quatipuru-Mirim na Resex Marinha de Tracuateua, Pará

Abstract

Among the many extractive reserves (Resex) existing in the Brazilian territory, those established in the coastal zone have the function, besides protecting the natural resources present in the marine biome, protecting the traditional communities that live in them or extract the necessary resources for their survival and cultural reproduction. The Paraense coastal zone has an extensive mangrove area and, consequently, houses numerous traditional extractive communities, which contributed to the creation of the 12 Marine Resex existing in this area. Seeking to answer the question: Does the Quatipuru-Mirim community see itself as belonging to an extractive reserve, and has it been assisted with basic public policies, especially those aimed at serving communities in protected areas? This research aimed to map the relationship between Quatipuru-Mirim and RESEXMT, the public policies implemented in the community and its territoriality. This objective was worked in two distinct chapters, because it is a monograph developed through aggregation of articles. The methodology for both studies was based on a qualitative approach, characterized as a case study, using different tools: interviews using oral history; participant observation; geophotography; collection of coordinates for the construction of thematic map of the community territoriality. Data analysis occurred through the method of interpretation of the senses. In all, 15 interviews were conducted, which allowed us to realize that the research participants are aware of the existence of RESEXMT, and most of them understand that the community is within the unit, however, they do not participate in its management, as they do not attend the meetings. Deliberative Council. Regarding the public policies present in the community, we highlight the houses from the National Rural Housing Program (PNHR) of the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA), besides diagnosing that Quatipuru-Mirim has a deficit in basic infrastructure, such as access health, electricity and drinking water. As for territoriality, worked in the sense of belonging, it was found that the participants of this study have a strong relationship with the place they live, with well-defined fishing territories. Thus, this research was fundamental to understand how the Quatipuru-Mirim community perceives RESEXMT and how it relates to the environment in which it is inserted. In addition, it recognizes that there is a need to strengthen ties between the community and the unit, which can be addressed through Critical Environmental Education, leadership training workshops and exchange among beneficiary communities that expands the sense of belonging. and the territoriality of this community beyond the limits of the spaces built by them, as a way to build an identity linked to being a resident of a conservation unit (UC).