Ocorrência da leishmaniose (Leishmania spp.) no município de Soure - Estado do Pará, no período de janeiro de 2018 a julho de 2019.

Abstract

Leishmaniasis is anthropozoonosis considered a serious public health problem due to its high incidence and wide epidemiological distribution. The disease involves several species of Leishmania of the Trypanosomatidae family and hosts with the dog as the main urban reservoir. The vectors are dipterous hematophages belonging to the subfamily Phlebotominae of the genus Lutzomya, the main transmission of the parasite to man and other mammalian hosts is through the bite of females, which makes it an important factor, since the vector is a synanthropic genus with high adaptability to home environments. Two clinical forms are known: visceral leishmaniasis characterized by systemic and sometimes cutaneous changes, and tegumentary leishmaniasis, which can produce manifestations with mucocutaneous lesions, formation of ulcers and protruding borders of difficult healing, the appearance of severe forms that lead to death if not treated. The present work aims to identify the prevalence, distribution and probable risk factors of canine leishmaniasis in Soure - PA. A study was performed with 17 animals, through clinical diagnosis and collection of blood and mucous samples for PCR, in which it was possible to identify Leishmania spp infection in 82.35% of the cases. The animals were separated into asymptomatic (50%), oligosymptomatic (14.28%) and symptomatic (35.71%). The most common symptoms were onychogryphosis, weight loss, alopercia, skin peeling and periocular lesion. The most severe was diagnosed with uveitis, apathy, muscle regression, lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly on palpation. The animals were observed in four districts of the municipality: Umirizal, Centro, Novo and São Pedro, finding endemism in 50%, 21.42%, 14.28% and 14.28% in the areas respectively, associated with the presence of vegetation and infrastructure. urban and sanitary area. These findings demonstrate the maintenance of the parasite cycle in these areas and may be useful in directing effective measures for disease control and environmental education measures to inform the population about these risk factors.