Atributos químicos do solo sob diferentes sistemas de uso e cobertura vegetal no contexto da agricultura familiar em Santa Bárbara, PA

Abstract

The use of agroforestry systems as a method of restoring degraded areas can contribute to soil quality. In this context, the diversification of species that make up an SAF and the plant material that will be made available in the soil can boost improvements in the chemical quality of degraded soils. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate chemical attributes of the soil under different systems of use and vegetation cover in areas of family farmers in the Abril Vermelho Settlement in Santa Bárbara do Pará, PA. A soil sampling was carried out in February 2020 for the three land use and cover systems and at three depths (0-5cm, 5-10cm and 10-20cm). The chemical attributes removed were: pH, calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), potassium (K+), available phosphorus (P), exchangeable aluminum (Al3+), acid potential (H + Al) and organic matter (MO), and, through these quantified base sum values (SB), base saturation (V%), aluminum saturation (m%), effective cation exchange capacity (CTC) and pH 7. The data were analysis of variance (ANOVA ) and later as means of the attributes were compared using the Tukey test (SISVAR 5.6). And to assess whether there are similarities between chemical attributes for land use and land cover systems by depth, the results were identified by multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). It was observed that the chemical attributes of the soil differed from completing each other (p <0.05). The SAF evaluated was the land use and cover system that had higher mean pH, Ca2 +, Mg2+ +, SB and V% and lower H + Al, Al3+ and m%. The PCA of the variables corroborated with the results of comparison of means, showing that there was a clear distinction between the systems by coverage and depth evaluated, especially for SAF, which was the best distinguished from the other systems by the attributes pH, Ca2 +, Mg2+, SB and V%.