Análise espaço temporal da dinâmica do uso e ocupação do solo do município de Soure, Pará

Abstract

This work aims to carry out a temporal spatial analysis of the land use and occupation of the municipality of Soure, in this sense, the monitoring of successful changes over time is an activity that proposes analysis of processes and assessment of changes and environmental impacts, exposing a holistic view, directly reflecting on the quality of public and environmental management. Categorical data were extracted from the MapBiomas platform, version 5.0, for the Municipality of Soure for the years 2009, 2014 and 2019. 10 classes were found, and similar classes were reclassified and grouped according to their characteristics. The making of thematic maps for each year was carried out in the open source program Quantum GIS (QGIS). As a result of 2009, it presented Campestre Formation, which corresponds to 84.49% of the territory. Then, the Mangrove with 2.74%. Agriculture, together with Rio, Lago and Oceano, Apicum, Urban Infrastructure and Praia and Duna, contained approximately 3.26% of the entire municipal area. In 2014, the Formation Campestre, despite showing a decrease, maintained its dominance with 83.51% of the territory. In the same year, there was an increase in the Forest Formation area, presenting 11.06%, while the Mangue class presented a slight decrease to 2.71% of the total area. The Agricultural, River, Lake and Ocean, Apicum, Urban Infrastructure and Beach and Dune classes also decreased to 3.16%. In the 2019 thematic mapping, the Formation Campestre class maintained its predominance in relation to previous years, increasing 0.09%, presenting a total of 83.60% of the municipal limit. In this period, the area occupied by the Forest Formation suffered a decrease of 0.11% of the occupied area compared to 2014, representing 10.95% of the total area. Once again, the Mangue class presented a decrease of 0.15%, compared to 2014 and now represents 2.57% of the municipality. In Agriculture, there was an increase in the area of 0.04% compared to 2014, representing 1.20% of the total area. The other classes, such as Rio, Lago and Oceano, Apicum, Urban Infrastructure and Beach and Dune, continued to add up to less than 2% of the total area of the territory. Based on the collected data, it appears that there is a gradual reduction of natural spaces, mainly in the Beaches and Dunes and Mangroves classes, this is probably due to the advance of urban infrastructure.