Comportamento de plantas forrageiras submetidas à deficiência hídrica e seus mitigadores

Abstract

Water deficit means a period when the water content in the soil is reduced, so that the plants suffer from a lack of water, causing dehydration, reduced growth, increased senescence rate of plant tissues, reduced leaf expansion, photosynthesis, leaf appearance rates and leaf blade senescence. The objective of this literature review was to gather data from different researchers and verify the morphological and physiological effects on forage plants subjected to water deficit, as well as the possible mitigators and their action under abiotic stress. The review consisted of surveying data on the topic in scientific academic journals available online, and data were collected from scientific articles from 2015 to 2021. Search sites and the main databases in the field of agricultural sciences were used. The scientific articles obtained were analyzed and grouped according to their relevance for the review. The results obtained showed that forage plants under water deficit present inferior results in morphological parameters such as: plant height, number of leaves, leaf area index, leaf senescence and physiological parameters such as: stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll rate, relative content of Water. Stress relievers such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid and growth-promoting bacteria lessen the effects of stress, or keep plants at stable levels.