Análise espacial e geográfica da leishmaniose visceral canina e humana no município de Garrafão do Norte-Pa

Abstract

Identified as a major public health problem, leishmaniasis is a set of infectious Parasitic diseases, with a wide clinical spectrum and epidemiological diversity, caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, basically divided into Tegumentary Leishmaniasis and Visceral Leishmaniasis. A spatial analysis of the distribution of canine visceral leishmaniasis cases (2013 to 2019) was performed, defining the main areas of occurrence of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Garrafão do Norte (PA) and contributing to the choice of control measures consistent with the realities of the municipality. This is a retrospective descriptive study through the survey of data from the field registration forms, between the years 2013 to 2019, at the Center for Sanitary Surveillance and Endemics. Samples were verified, quantified and analyzed between November 2013 and November 2019. Of the 444 selected medical records, all had a defined final diagnosis, 318 animals (71.6%) with a diagnosis of discarded and 126 (28.4 %) with a confirmed diagnosis, 4 in the urban area and 122 in the rural area. Regarding human visceral leishmaniasis data collection, 96 cases were reported in the years 2013 to 2019, with a rate of approximately 3 confirmed cases per year, and a percentage of cases that occurred in children up to 10 years of age it was 25%, in young people between 11 and 20 years of age the rate was 25% and in people above 21 years it was 50%, there was a higher proportion of cases in males in all years analyzed. Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis that poses a high risk to public health, as it is highly endemic, and because of the coexistence of rural and urban reservoirs serving as a source of infection for possible hosts.