Caracterização de agroecossistemas de quintais na comunidade rural Barro Vermelho em Capitão Poço, Nordeste paraense.

Abstract

Agroecosystems in backyards represent the interactions between the family and the space near your residence through the cultivation of plants that meet your household needs and family leisure. Considering the great social, cultural, environmental and economic importance of these spaces, a survey was conducted in order to characterize the agroforestry backyards of family production units of the rural community Barro Vermelho in the municipality of Capitão Poço/PA, in order to verify the importance and use of the species for residents. The approach

was made by the Participatory Rural Diagnosis (PRD) method, and developed through the semi- structured interviews technique, with the application of a questionnaire. Eight families from the

community were interviewed, followed by observation in the agroforestry backyards of each residence. Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively from the information described in the questionnaire. 76 species were identified distributed in 42 families, the most frequent in most of the backyards visited were: Malvaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae and Anacardiaceae. The species identified in the backyards were classified and counted with 30 food species, 18 medicinal, 9 vegetable, 16 ornamental and 3 timber species. The food species were abundant in all productive backyards, the two with the highest significance being açaí (Euterpe oleracea), which appears with 137 units, and banana (Musa acuminata), the latter was also the species that had the most occurrence in all backyards, followed by orange (Citrus sinensis). All backyards presented medicinal plants, but one was more abundant in diversity. The cinnamon species (Cinnamomum verum) stood out as the most frequent. The importance that agroforestry backyards represent in the lives of residents goes far beyond daily food consumption, they are leisure areas, which offer shade and fresh air, are cultural and festive spaces, which guarantee the necessary food security and contribute significantly to the conservation of the biodiversity of floristic and faunal species, and the surpluses of productive backyards are only a complement to family income. This work represents a source of knowledge for both community residents and literature, generating data for future research. That said, it is necessary to have more public policies to financially encourage small producers.