Efeito do extrato de tiririca Cyperus rotundus (L.) Sobre a germinação e vigor de sementes de Feijão-caupi Vigna unguiculata (L.).

Abstract

Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L.) it is one of the most consumed legumes in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, especially in rural areas, being an important source of fiber, protein, energy and minerals. For the cultivation of this legume to be profitable, low cost technologies are needed, which has the ability to improve and qualify productivity levels, since the culture has some difficulties for its management. Tiririca (Cyperus rotundus L.) is a perennial culture characterized by the production of small tubers, rich in phytohormones, research shown that these tubers have substances that can be used for root induction, acting as synergists of indoleacetic acid (IAA). The objective of this work was to compare the effect of the application of aqueous extracts of tiririca, at different concentrations, on the germination potential and vigor of cowpea seeds. The experiments were carried out at the Seed Didactic Laboratory of the Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), with cowpea seeds of the cultivar BR3 Tracuateua, following a completely randomized design, composed of one control (distilled water) and four treatments (tiririca extract at 5%, 10%, 25% and 50%). The germination test was carried out on Germitest paper, with eight replications of 50 seeds per treatment. The seedling emergence test in bed was performed with four replications of 100 seeds per treatment. The data obtained were submitted to variance analysis and the means compared by the Scott Knott test, at the level of 5% probability. The doses of the tiririca extract showed significance (p<0.05) between the treatments in the germination variable, which presented values of 92.7% for the control, and the treatments with the following concentrations of 5%, 10%, 25% and 50% of the tiririca extract presented germination values of 98.7%, 99.7%, 99.7% and 99.2% respectively. Tiririca extract positively influenced cowpea germination, thus favoring greater vigor of seedlings. The tiririca extract, at a concentration of 50%, was the most efficient in most parameters, presenting higher values of length from aerial part (CPA), dry mass from aerial part (MSPA) and root dry mass (MSR).