Pescadores artesanais da cidade de Cametá-PA: Caracterização da pesca, saúde e segurança no trabalho.

Abstract

In the city of Cametá-PA, riverside people have fish as the main protein source in their diet. Faced with this habit, their source of income or subsistence is the exercise of artisanal fishing in water bodies next to their homes. The fishing activity requires physical efforts in which they favor the emergence of diseases or occupational accidents. In view of this, the present work aimed to describe fishing and work safety in the fishing activity carried out by artisanal fishermen in the municipality of Cametá, Para State, Eastern Amazon. The research work was carried out in the Z-16, located in the municipality of Cametá-PA, applying semi-structured questionnaires to artisanal fishermen associated and not associated with the colony, totaling 74 fishermen (67 men and 7 women). Questions were asked about the types of equipment used in fishing, species captured, types of fishing boats, place of capture of fish, commercialization and accidents or diseases acquired during the exercise of the function. The most used equipment was gill net, followed by matapi, reed and longline. The most captured fish species were white hake, mapará and peacock bass, in addition to the freshwater shrimp another category of fish. The most used boats were, respectively: rowing canoe (42%), sterndrive boat (28%) and long-tail boat (24%). The most frequent fishing spots were on the Tocantins River (69%), followed by the Tapajós River (3%). The main selling point for fish is at the fair in the municipality of Cametá. The hat was the most used Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) with a representativeness of 99%. The most frequent occupational disease was back pain, during and after fishing. Regarding the diseases diagnosed with the fishermen, the one that obtained the most significant results was gastritis/ulcer/stomach problems. The integration of women in fishing activity in Cametá has a certain invisibility, as men have a dominant participation in this activity, but women are mainly supporting subsistence fishing. Thus, artisanal fishing requires more effective exercise and instruction methods to promote fishermen's health.