Análise Socioeconômica e Agroambiental da Agricultura Familiar na comunidade rural de Fazendinha, Magalhães Barata, Pará

Abstract

The work addressed the socioeconomic relationships in the context of family farming in the rural community of Fazendinha, in the municipality of Magalhães Barata, Pará. The objective was to carry out a socioeconomic and agroenvironmental evaluation of family farming in the community, based on the survey of the socioeconomic profile of family farmers, aspects related to the use of natural resources in the community, and the analysis of services provided by government agencies to strengthen local family farming. To this end, a qualitative-quantitative study was conducted, based on formal interviews with 28 small farmers from the community, as well as bibliographic research. Regarding socioeconomic aspects, the activities that contribute the most to income formation in the community are agriculture, fishing, retirement, commerce, social income transfer programs, as well as formal and informal jobs. As for environmental aspects, the use of river water is highlighted, and fishermen claim that the river is polluted, noting that they have observed litter (plastics, pieces of nets) in the riverbed, and the water has been showing a darker coloration. However, many of these fishermen claim that the water is not polluted and that the biggest problem is uncontrolled fishing, resulting in a decrease in fish species. As for access to public policies, it was observed that government programs fail to meet the demand of the residents, as access is limited to important policies for the sustainable development of family farming, such as the National Program for the Strengthening of Family Agriculture (PRONAF), the Food Acquisition Program (PAA), and the National Policy for Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (PNATER). The need for expansion of these programs in the area is highlighted, aiming at sustainable territorial development.