Análise epidemiológica de felinos (Felis catus) domiciliados nos municípios de Belém-Pa e Ananindeua-Pa, diagnosticados com Vírus da Imunodeficiência Felina (FIV) e Vírus da Leucemia Felina (FELV), no período de 2019 a 2023.

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of domestic felines infected by the Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and the Feline Leukemia Virus in the municipalities of Belém-PA and Ananindeua-PA, during the periods from February 2019 to December 2023. To this end, the data contained in the registration records of patients treated at the Infectious Diseases Sector Office, belonging to the Professor Mário Dias Teixeira Veterinary Hospital, as well as data from the book Minutes of the Molecular Biology Laboratory, located at the Institute of Health and Animal Production of the University, were analyzed. Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém-PA campus. The data is filled in during consultations and the receipt of blood samples from the animals. The records of registered patients contained information on clinical characteristics (vaccination, death and results of the Polymerase Chain Reaction test), demographics (neighborhood of residence, sex, breed, age) and behavioral characteristics (access to the street and cohabitation with other felines ) of cats. The data were tabulated in electronic spreadsheets, treated statistically using simple percentages and presented in graph form. During the period studied, 347 felines were registered and there was a significant increase in the incidence of FIV and FeLV infections in the region. Given the data available for analysis, the results were divided in the study according to the results of the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique, sex, breed and average age of the felines treated. Furthermore, the number of positive animals was organized separately by each municipality: neighborhoods in the municipalities of Belém-PA and Ananindeua-PA with the highest and lowest incidence of retroviruses, as well as the months with the highest incidence of the diseases. In short, the results showed the presence of FIV and FeLV, with FIV slightly more common. Coinfections were rare. There was an increase in the number of consultations and PCR exams over the years 2019 to 2023. Most cats did not have access to the street. Many adult cats have not been vaccinated. There were few deaths due to infections. The predominant cats in the study were males, SRD, neutered, and who lived with other felines. Neighborhoods in Belém had higher numbers of cases, compared to those in Ananindeua. There was an absence of many important data due to not having been informed in the registration forms and the interference of the change in the registration form system and the COVID-19 pandemic during the research periods, which generated significant loss over the years, resulting in interference with some study data.