Profissões do Mangue: Etnoconhecimento aplicado a pesca do turú Teredo navallis Linnaeus, 1758 na Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Soure, Ilha do Marajó, Amazônia, Brasil

Abstract

The traditional knowledge of fishing populations comes from their intrinsic relationship with the tidewaters, production practices linked to the use of natural resources offered by ecosystems were, for a long time, invalidated by the scientific community despite having great importance in environmental education and sustainable management of preservation areas. Turú fishing (TeredonavallisLinnaeus, 1758) practiced in the Soure Marine Extractive Reserve is a traditional activity in the Marajó region, being an important source of income for fishermen and influencing the dynamics of use of the mangrove, however there are few studies on the turú extraction techniques, its socioeconomic and ecological effects, as well as the construction of human-nature knowledge by the turú fisherman. Thus, the work aimed to characterize turú fishing and identify the socio-environmental approaches used in extractivism. The work was carried out with turú fishermen who use the Marine Extractive Reserve in the municipality of Soure (PA), through interviews carried out in July 2023, using questionnaires containing socioeconomic issues, environmental aspects and fishing dynamics, as well as the capture of audiovisual material and notes that were later transcribed into documents in Word format, and finally, the illustration of turú fishing methods in the mangroves based on the fishermen's statements. The data obtained in the questionnaires were compiled in an Excel spreadsheet to obtain statistical elements, thus seeking to extract a wide range of resources to combine formal information and list the fishermen's profile and their empirical knowledge acquired through experiences in the fishing profession and its relationship with the mangrove.