Vulnerabilidade no acesso aos serviços de saúde: desafios enfrentados pela população ribeirinha do município de Muaná-PA

Abstract

Due to geolocation, the main route of movement for riverside residents is rivers. Such communitões find themselves marginalized and isolated from health services due to the distances to access these services. It is based on the hypothesis that transport conditions and the current vulnerability of the islands to healthcare access are determined based on geographic variables, the presence of healthcare units on the islands, and the provision of adequate transport for medical care. The research problem is based on knowing how transport conditions to health systems in this municipality are being and occurring and which areas are vulnerable? Therefore, the general objective of this research is to analyze the vulnerability of the health service in the city of Muaná-PA in relation to the riverside population. Regarding the specific objectives to be considered, these include mapping health care locations, calculating the travel time for riverside residents to health units and, finally, identifying the types of transport that the city hall has available for local residents to travel to health units. Semi-structured intervõews and forms were used as a methodological instrument for data collection using the DataScope software, in addition to collecting geographic coordinates using the Avenza Maps cell phone application. Subsequently, the data was analyzed, categorized, discussed and represented on maps using the Geographic Information System (QGIS) software. The research showed that the riverside population of Muaná seeks consultation only when necessary, using their own or third-party vessels for consultations or in urgent and emergency situations. Furthermore, in cases of urgency and emergency, the ports used are Trapiche de Muaná and Porto Mocajatuba, and the population takes an average of 30 minutes to 1 hour to travel from the islands to the ports. Finally, the findings of this work point to the importance of improving access to riverside health and promoting equity in health services in the context experõenced by riverside residents.