Especialização produtiva e fontes de crescimento da abacaxicultura no estado do Pará

Abstract

The pineapple tree [Ananas comosus (L.) Merril] is a tropical plant, with the Amazon region as its center of origin. The aim of this study was to carry out a comprehensive characterization of the micro-regions of the state of Pará, examining productive specialization and the sources of growth in pineapple production. The sources of growth were assessed using the Shift-Share model, which allows the variation in GVP to be broken down into the effects of harvested area, yield and price. Time series of harvested area, production, productivity, gross production value (GPV) and pineapple prices in the state of Pará were analyzed from 2000 to 2022,obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The Locational Gini (GL) was used as a tool to analyze the concentration and mapping of the crop, while the Locational Quotient (QL) served as an indicator of the location and distribution of the crop in the micro-regions of the state of Pará. There was a decrease in the LG in 2005 and 2010, followed by an increase in 2015 and 2020, with a further decrease in 2022. As for the LQ, the micro-regions of Arari and Conceição do Araguaia have maintained specialization since 2000, while Redenção has maintained it since 2010. The results indicate that both the VBP and the amount paid to pineapple producers fluctuate, with notable price increases in 2015, 2018, 2020 and 2021. Although there has not been a significant expansion in pineapple production over the years, the study made it possible to identify the degrees of importance of this crop in each micro-region of the state of Pará, providing valuable information to promote its development, given the national importance of the state of Pará in pineapple production.