Análise de suscetibilidade á enchente e inundação: Estudo de caso sub-bacia hidrográfica urbana da Quintino Bocaiúva – Belém/PA

Abstract

Floods and inundations are natural events that occur in different regions of the world and have significant impacts on human life and the environment. These events are especially problematic in hydrographic basins, which are areas that collect and transport rainwater to rivers and are therefore more exposed to water-related risks. The disordered land occupation associated with factors such as large precipitation volumes, and slopes makes the areas surrounding a hydrographic basin extremely susceptible to these natural phenomena. The present study aims to elaborate a mapping of areas susceptible to floods and inundations, using the urban sub-basin of Quintino Bocaiúva in Belém, PA, as a case study, through geoprocessing tools and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, as well as to perform the morphometric characterization of the basin. Maps of Hypsometry, Slope, Land Use and Cover, and Flood Points were produced and correlated, resulting in the mapping of floodprone and inundation-prone areas, with 49.13% of the total basin area classified as having high susceptibility. It was possible to conclude that it is of paramount importance to prioritize the implementation of new environmental and urban management measures and programs in areas that have demonstrated very high susceptibility.