Utilização de diferentes modelos de aspersores na irrigação, para revegetação de taludes de cava minerados, em Parauapebas, Pará.

Abstract

The Brazilian Amazon has international prominence due to its significant ecological importance and the potential for exploring its natural resources. This relevance is accentuated by the importance of mining for Brazil's economy and the growing focus on sustainable mining. Thus, the rehabilitation of areas affected by mining emerges as a priority. The revegetation process faces challenges, including the need to understand the water and nutritional requirements of the plant species selected to cover the soil. A fundamental strategy for the recovery of these areas is irrigation, particularly during periods of lower water availability, to mitigate soil limitations and facilitate vegetative development. In this context, the choice and effective application of irrigation systems are crucial. Therefore, this study analyzed five types of sprinklers, in sprinkler irrigation systems, installed on a mined pit slope, in Parauapebas, Pará (-50.179456º; -6.065125º; 714.8 m), in the period April to December 2023, namely: the Senninger 4123PC, Senninger Xcel-Wobbler, LFX 2400 (Rain Bird), Maxi Bird 2045 (Rain Bird) and D-Net 8550 AA (Netafim). The sprinklers were subjected to visual and quantitative technical evaluations, focusing on water application efficiency, coverage of the irrigated area, distribution uniformity and radial reach. The results highlighted the greater effectiveness of the Maxi Bird 2045 and D-NET 8550 AA models, highlighting their characteristics, which promoted more efficient irrigation practices and better development of vegetation cover on the pit slope, however the Maxi Bird presented better performances, in wet area, in efficiency in application and in maintenance period.