Análise da diversidade arbórea e da acessibilidade de 5 praças do Distrito Industrial de Icoaraci em Belém

Abstract

Urban afforestation plays a fundamental role in preserving the environmental quality of urban centers, providing multiple benefits, such as microclimate regulation, shading, thermal attenuation, acting as a barrier against winds and the aesthetic enhancement of the urban landscape. The purpose of this study was to characterize the tree composition in five squares distributed in the neighborhood of Icoaraci, in Belém, state of Pará, in addition to evaluating the accessibility conditions present in these spaces, the ABNT NBR 9050 standard was used.The data obtained included the specific identification of the species, their respective botanical family, origin, geographic location and height of the first bifurcation, all of which were duly recorded in the field. In addition to this information, the tree individuals were categorized based on their size and phytosanitary status. In addition, the absolute and relative frequency of the species, as well as the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, were calculated in order to evaluate the richness and floristic heterogeneity of the region. A total of 48 tree individuals were cataloged in the five squares analyzed, distributed among nine botanical families and ten species. The results indicated a predominance of the Anacardiaceae family, with the most representative species being Mangifera indica L., corresponding to 41% of the total. With regard to height, most of the trees belong to the small category (33%), while the medium and large trees together added up to 67%. The afforestation of the district of Icoaraci requires strategic planning for the introduction of new specimens, in addition to management and conservation actions by the responsible agencies.