Dinâmica do mercado de madeira em toras em projetos de manejo florestal sustentável autorizados no Estado do Pará no período de 2020 a 2024

Abstract

The state of Pará is the largest producer of native forest timber logs, accounting for 44,18% of national production in 2023. In this context, this case study aims to understand the dynamics of the timber log market between 2020 and 2024 in 41 private Sustainable Forest Management projects located in the municipalities of Portel, Prainha, Juruti, and Aveiro. Price and transportation dynamics analyses were conducted based on movement reports obtained via SISFLORA, while production analyses of the main commercialized forest species were performed using AUTEFs obtained from the SEMAS/PA Transparency Portal, compiling these data into an interactive panel created in Microsoft Power-Bi. In total, considering common names, 82 species were commercialized, with the most commercialized were maçaranduba (Manilkara elata (Allemão ex Miq.) Monach), cupiúba (Goupia glabra Aubl.), and jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril L.), while the species with the highest added value were cedro (Cedrela odorata L.), freijó (Cordia sagotii I.M.Johnst.), and ipê (Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) Nichols.). Regarding the annual price variation of these species, it is observed that timber prices remained stable for most species studied, except in 2023, when there was a significant drop in prices. São Miguel do Guamá, Belém, and Santa Bárbara do Pará were the three main consumers of timber logs from the projects studied. For the studied municipalities, the main species commercialized in Portel were maçaranduba, cupiúba, and ipeúba (Eperua falcata Aubl.), with the species with the highest prices were freijó, cedro, and louro-faia (Roupala montana Aubl.), with the main consumer was São Miguel do Guamá. In Prainha, the trade concentrated on jatobá, maçaranduba, and muiracatiara (Astronium lecointei Ducke), with the highest added value in the same species as Portel and the main buyer was Belém. In Juruti, the commercial prominence was with maçaranduba, ipê, and jatobá, with the species with the highest average price being cedro, sucupira-pele-de-sapo (Bowdichia nitida Spruce), and ipê, with the main consumer being the municipality of São Miguel do Guamá. For Aveiro, the main species commercialized were maçaranduba, Ipê, and jatobá, with the highest market prices in the species sucupira-pele-desapo, cedro, and ipê, and the main destination being São Miguel do Guamá.