Avaliação da nematofauna na cultura de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) na vila do Tijoca, Município de Augusto Corrêa, região nordeste do Pará

Abstract

Among the pathogens that affect cassava cultivation, phytonematodes stand out, causing serious direct damage to the commercial product, namely the root. The presence of these organisms may be associated with root rot, a disease that has a major economic impact on cassava cultivation. Thus, the objective of this study was to conduct a survey of nematodes associated with cassava cultivation in the locality of Tijoca, municipality of Augusto Corrêa, northeastern Pará. Ten composite samples were collected, consisting of two subsamples at each point, taken in a zigzag pattern at a depth of 0-20 cm. Three samples were taken throughout the crop's development: the first before planting the cassava crop; the second three months after planting; and the third at the end of the cycle. The nematode population survey in cassava cultivation showed the presence of nematodes of the genera Helicotylenchus, Rotylenchulus, and Pratylenchus. At the end of the crop cycle, 67% of spiral nematodes (Helicotylenchus spp.), 2% of reniform nematodes (Rotylenchulus spp.), and 1% of root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) were found. The research achieved its objectives, demonstrating that the number of nematodes present in the area increased significantly with the presence of the crop. These results contribute to phytonematology, as there are few studies on cassava cultivation associated with the presence of nematodes, even though it is one of the most socioeconomically important crops.